25 German "Loan Words"

Thanks to Lutz S. for sharing this post from:
Daily Writing Tips <info@dailywritingtips.com>      Posted: 25 Jul 2012 09:46 PM PDT

The German language has provided English with a huge inventory of words, many of them pertaining to music, science, and politics, thanks to the influence of German-speaking people on those areas of human endeavor. 

Here are some of the more useful German terms "borrowed" into English.

1. Achtung     (“attention”): an imperative announcement used to obtain someone’s attention
2. Angst         (“anxiety”): a feeling of apprehension
3. Blitz           (“lightning”): used only literally in German, but in English refers
to a sudden movement, such as a rush in a contact sport
4. Carabiner   (“rifle”): an equivalent of the English word carbine, this truncation of karabinerhaken (“riflehook”) refers to a metal loop originally employed with ropes in mountaineering, rock climbing, and other sports and
activities but now widely employed for more general uses
5. Delicatessen (“delicate eating”): a restaurant or food shop selling meats, cheeses, and delicacies  NOTE: --? this sounds like it ends in a German word: "essen" does mean "to eat".... but should it really be on this list? 
6. Doppelgänger (“double-goer”): in German, refers to a look-alike, but in English, the primary connotation is of a supernatural phenomenon — either a spirit or a duplicate person
7. Ersatz       (“substitute”): refers to an artificial and/or inferior imitation or replacement
8. Flak          (acronym): an abbreviation for “air-defense cannon” used figuratively to refer to criticism
9. Gestalt      (“figure”): something more than the sum of its parts, or viewed or
analyzed with other contributing phenomena
10. Götterdämmerung (“twilight of the gods”): a catastrophic event
11. Hinterland (“land behind”): originally a technical geographic term; later, in both German and English, came to connote undeveloped rural or wilderness areas, and in British English has a limited sense of “artistic or scholarly
knowledge,” as in “Smith’s hinterland isn’t very impressive”
12. Kitsch        -  something of low taste and/or quality, or such a condition 
13. Leitmotiv   (“leading motive”): a recurring theme, originally applied to music and later literature and theater but now in general usage
14. Nazi          (truncation of “National Socialist”): originally denoted a person,thing, or idea associated with the German political party of that name and later the national government it dominated; now, by association with Adolf Hitler and the tyranny of the party and the government, a pejorative term for a fanatical or tyrannical person
15. Poltergeist  (“noisy ghost”): a mischievous and/or malicious apparition or spectral force thought responsible for otherwise inexplicable movement of objects.
16. Putsch        (“push”): overthrow, coup d’etat
17. Realpolitik (real politics): the reality of political affairs,as opposed to perceptions or propaganda about political principles or values
18. Reich         (“realm”): in German, usually a neutral term for “empire” or part of a name for a nationalized service, such as the postal service, but in English, because of the link to the Nazis, “the Third Reich,” connotes tyranny
19. Schadenfreude (“harm joy”): enjoyment of others’ misfortune
20. Sturm und drang (“storm and stress”): turmoil, drama
21. Verboten     (“forbidden”): prohibited
22. Weltanschauung (“worldview”): an all-encompassing conception or perception of existence
23. Weltschmerz (“world pain”): despair or world-weariness
24. Wunderkind (“wonder child”): a child prodigy
25. Zeitgeist (“time ghost”): the spirit of the time, or a prevailing attitude, mentality, or worldview
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 Original Post: 25 German Loanwords